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I was born in Bombay and did my schooling there as well as my first degree. I came to Cambridge to Christ’s as an affiliated student in 1970 to read Economics graduating in 1972. After finishing my PhD here, I went on to a Lectureship at the University of Essex and then to a Chair at the University of Dundee. I retired from my Chair in 2013. In addition to my Bye-Fellowship here I also am a Honorary Professor at Heriot Watt University in Edinburgh where I live. Recently I have held positions as a College Lecturer, Fellow and DOS at Trinity Hall and Sidney Sussex.

I also have academic appointments at several US, Indian and Australian universities. I have acted as an external examiner in leading universities around the world. I have also held many public appointments on quangos which advise governments in the UK on public policy pertaining to labour market. Currently as a member of the Police Remuneration Review Body I advise the Home Secretary on matters of police finance. I am currently an Affiliated Professor at the Faculty of Economics, Cambridge. 

My research interests are focused mainly on unemployment, growth economics, trade unions and inflation. My teaching interests are much broader, encompassing micro economics, quantitative methods and development economics as well as macro and labour economics. In 2001 I won the prestigious Economics Network Prize for the best undergraduate course in UK Economics for my first-year course 'Global Economic Perspectives'.